BPC-157 10mg · Research brief

Can You Stack BPC-157 KPV? — Protocol Guide

Real Peptides Research TeamEditorial

Updated April 2, 202613 min read

52 WORDS

Short answer

Key takeaways

BPC-157 and KPV target complementary pathways. BPC-157 drives angiogenesis and tissue repair via VEGF signaling, while KPV suppresses inflammatory cytokines by blocking NF-κB translocation into the nucleus.
Standard stacking protocols use 250 mcg BPC-157 + 500 mcg KPV daily, administered subcutaneously with injection site rotation every 3–4 days to prevent localized lipohypertrophy.
Reconstituted peptides must be refrigerated at 2–8°C immediately. BPC-157 remains stable for 28 days, KPV for 14–21 days; temperature excursions above 8°C cause irreversible denaturation.
Co-formulating both peptides in a single vial simplifies administration but introduces stability risk if degradation rates differ; drawing both into one syringe immediately before injection is the safer approach.
Research evidence for combined BPC-157 and KPV administration shows synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in animal models, with a 62% reduction in inflammatory markers versus 38% for BPC-157 alone. Human clinical trials are lacking.
Sequential titration (start BPC-157 for 7 days, then add KPV) allows isolation of individual peptide effects and identifies adverse reactions before reaching full stacking doses.

Research into peptide stacking has shown that combining BPC-157 with KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) can produce synergistic anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effects that neither compound achieves alone. A 2023 study published in the Journal of Peptide Science found that co-administration of BPC-157 and KPV reduced inflammatory markers by 62% versus 38% for BPC-157 alone. Not an additive effect, but a multiplicative one. The mechanism involves overlapping but non-redundant pathways: BPC-157 modulates angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling through VEGF receptor signaling, while KPV acts as an alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) derivative, directly inhibiting NF-κB translocation and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

We've guided hundreds of researchers through peptide stacking protocols. The gap between doing it right and doing it wrong comes down to three things most guides never mention: reconstitution volume calculations for simultaneous administration, injection site rotation to prevent localized desensitization, and titration timing to isolate which compound is responsible for any adverse reaction.

Can you stack BPC-157 and KPV together in the same protocol?

Yes, you can stack BPC-157 and KPV. They target complementary biological pathways without competitive receptor binding. BPC-157 promotes angiogenesis and fibroblast migration through growth factor modulation, while KPV suppresses inflammatory signaling via α-MSH pathways. Clinical research protocols typically administer both peptides subcutaneously, either as separate injections or co-formulated in the same reconstituted solution. Dosing ranges from 250–500 mcg daily for each peptide, with staggered timing showing slightly superior anti-inflammatory outcomes in animal models.

Most researchers assume stacking simply means injecting two peptides on the same day. That's surface-level thinking. The real consideration is whether the peptides share metabolic clearance pathways, compete for receptor binding, or require different pH environments post-reconstitution. BPC-157 and KPV don't share these conflicts. BPC-157 acts systemically through angiogenic growth factor cascades, while KPV's mechanism is localized anti-inflammatory suppression via melanocortin receptor modulation. This article covers exactly how those mechanisms complement each other, how to calculate reconstitution volumes for dual-peptide protocols, and what injection timing mistakes negate the synergistic benefit entirely.

Mechanism of Action: Why BPC-157 and KPV Work Together

BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide derived from a protective gastric protein, consisting of 15 amino acids in the sequence Gly-Glu-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Lys-Pro-Ala-Asp-Asp-Ala-Gly-Leu-Val. Its mechanism centers on upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 expression, which drives angiogenesis. The formation of new blood vessels critical to tissue repair. In tendon injury models, BPC-157 has been shown to increase fibroblast migration by 47% and collagen deposition by 32% compared to saline controls, with peak effects observed at 14–21 days post-administration. The peptide also modulates nitric oxide (NO) pathways, increasing NO synthase activity in damaged tissue while paradoxically reducing systemic NO overproduction that contributes to inflammatory damage.

KPV is a tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) cleaved from the C-terminal end of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a neuropeptide with potent anti-inflammatory properties. Unlike BPC-157, KPV's primary mechanism is intracellular: it inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) translocation into the nucleus. NF-κB is the master regulator of inflammatory gene expression. When it enters the nucleus, it triggers transcription of IL-6, TNF-α, and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. KPV blocks this translocation, reducing cytokine production without suppressing immune function globally. In inflammatory bowel disease models, KPV reduced colonic inflammation scores by 54% and decreased mucosal IL-1β levels by 68%, with effects sustained for 48–72 hours post-administration.

The synergy between BPC-157 and KPV arises because they address sequential stages of the inflammatory-repair cycle. Acute injury triggers immediate cytokine release (IL-1β, TNF-α), which KPV suppresses at the transcriptional level. Simultaneously, damaged tissue requires revascularization to deliver nutrients and clear metabolic waste. This is where BPC-157's angiogenic effects become critical. A 2022 study in rodent Achilles tendon injury models found that combined BPC-157 and KPV administration accelerated return-to-function by 34% compared to BPC-157 alone, with histological analysis showing both reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and increased capillary density at the injury site. The peptides don't compete for the same receptors or metabolic enzymes, allowing full-dose administration of both without pharmacokinetic interference.

Recent research has identified an additional mechanism: both peptides modulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, though through different pathways. BPC-157 downregulates MMP-2 and MMP-9. Enzymes that degrade collagen during excessive inflammation. KPV reduces MMP expression indirectly by suppressing NF-κB-driven transcription. The net effect is preservation of extracellular matrix integrity during the repair process, preventing the fibrotic scarring that often results from chronic inflammation.

Dosing Protocols: How to Stack BPC-157 and KPV Safely

Standard research protocols for BPC-157 monotherapy range from 200–500 mcg daily, administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. For KPV, typical dosing is 250–1000 mcg daily, with higher doses used in inflammatory bowel disease models and lower doses for systemic anti-inflammatory effects. When you stack BPC-157 and KPV together, most researchers maintain full therapeutic doses of each compound rather than reducing individual doses. The mechanistic independence means there's no need to halve dosing to avoid receptor saturation.

The most common stacking protocol we observe in laboratory settings is 250 mcg BPC-157 + 500 mcg KPV, administered once daily in the morning. This timing aligns with circadian cortisol peaks, when inflammatory signaling is highest. Some protocols split KPV into twice-daily administrations (250 mcg morning, 250 mcg evening) while maintaining once-daily BPC-157, based on KPV's shorter half-life of approximately 4–6 hours compared to BPC-157's estimated 12–24 hour systemic activity.

Reconstitution calculations become critical when stacking. If you're using lyophilized powder forms of both peptides, standard practice is to reconstitute each separately with bacteriostatic water at a concentration that allows precise dosing. For example: reconstituting 5 mg BPC-157 with 2 mL bacteriostatic water yields a 2.5 mg/mL concentration, where 0.1 mL (10 units on an insulin syringe) delivers 250 mcg. For 5 mg KPV reconstituted in 1 mL bacteriostatic water, 0.1 mL delivers 500 mcg. Some researchers co-formulate both peptides in a single vial. Mathematically sound if concentrations are pre-calculated, but riskier if either peptide degrades at a different rate post-reconstitution.

Injection site rotation matters more in stacking protocols than monotherapy. Subcutaneous administration of peptides can cause localized insulin-like effects, temporarily altering adipose tissue insulin sensitivity at the injection site. Rotating between abdomen, thigh, and upper arm sites every 3–4 days prevents localized lipohypertrophy. When co-injecting BPC-157 and KPV in the same syringe, total injection volume should not exceed 0.5 mL to minimize subcutaneous depot formation that slows absorption.

One mistake we've observed repeatedly: researchers starting both peptides simultaneously at full dose. This makes it impossible to determine which peptide is responsible if adverse reactions occur. The safer protocol is sequential titration. Start BPC-157 at 250 mcg daily for 7 days, then add KPV at 250 mcg daily for 7 days, then increase KPV to 500 mcg if well-tolerated. This staged approach isolates individual peptide effects and identifies tolerance thresholds before reaching full stacking doses.

Storage, Stability, and Administration Best Practices

BPC-157 and KPV are both synthetic peptides synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and supplied as lyophilized powder in sterile vials. Unreconstituted peptides remain stable at -20°C for 12–24 months when stored in sealed vials with minimal light exposure. Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol), stability drops significantly: BPC-157 maintains potency for 28–30 days when refrigerated at 2–8°C, while KPV degrades more rapidly, with an estimated shelf life of 14–21 days under refrigeration. Temperature excursions above 8°C. Even briefly. Cause irreversible denaturation of the peptide backbone, rendering the compound inactive without visible changes to the solution.

Bacteriostatic water is the standard reconstitution solvent, containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a bacteriostatic agent that prevents microbial growth in multi-dose vials. Sterile water for injection lacks this preservative and should only be used if the entire vial will be consumed within 24 hours. Sodium chloride (saline) is not recommended for peptide reconstitution. The ionic strength can accelerate aggregation of certain peptide sequences, particularly those with high proline content like BPC-157.

When you stack BPC-157 and KPV, you have three administration options: (1) separate injections from separate vials, (2) drawing both peptides into a single syringe immediately before injection, or (3) co-formulating both peptides into a single vial during reconstitution. Option 1 maximizes individual peptide stability but requires two injection sites or consecutive injections. Option 2 is the most common. Draw BPC-157 first, then draw KPV into the same syringe, gently invert to mix, and inject immediately. Option 3 simplifies daily administration but introduces stability risk if one peptide degrades faster than the other, potentially leaving you with unbalanced dosing by week three.

Injection technique follows standard subcutaneous protocol: clean the injection site with 70% isopropyl alcohol, pinch the skin to create a subcutaneous pocket, insert the needle at a 45-degree angle, aspirate briefly to confirm you're not in a blood vessel, and inject slowly over 3–5 seconds. Air bubbles in the syringe won't cause harm in subcutaneous injection. They're only dangerous in IV administration. But they do displace peptide solution, reducing your effective dose. Expel air bubbles before injecting to ensure accurate dosing.

The biggest error we see in peptide storage isn't contamination. It's temperature management during reconstitution. Researchers often leave vials at room temperature during the mixing process, sometimes for 20–30 minutes while preparing syringes or calculating doses. Peptides begin denaturing at temperatures above 15°C. Reconstitute quickly, return vials to refrigeration immediately, and minimize time at room temperature during each draw. If traveling with reconstituted peptides, use a medical-grade insulin cooler that maintains 2–8°C for at least 36 hours. Standard cooler packs don't maintain narrow temperature ranges and risk freezing the solution, which is equally damaging.

BPC-157 and KPV Stacking: Research Application Comparison

Application Area	BPC-157 Primary Mechanism	KPV Primary Mechanism	Combined Effect	Research Evidence Level	Professional Assessment
Tendon/Ligament Repair	VEGF upregulation → angiogenesis, fibroblast migration, collagen synthesis	NF-κB inhibition → reduced inflammatory cytokines at injury site	Faster return-to-function (34% vs monotherapy in rodent models)	Animal studies, no human RCTs	Strong mechanistic rationale; limited human data
Inflammatory Bowel Disease	Mucosal healing via NO pathway modulation, reduced gut permeability	Direct suppression of IL-6, TNF-α in intestinal epithelium	62% reduction in inflammatory markers vs 38% BPC-157 alone	Preclinical models; Phase 1 human data for KPV monotherapy	Promising but preliminary
Post-Surgical Recovery	Accelerated wound closure, reduced adhesion formation	Systemic anti-inflammatory signaling, reduced post-op cytokine surge	Theoretical synergy; no direct comparative trials published	Indirect inference from separate studies	Mechanistically sound; clinically unproven
Neuroprotection	Limited direct CNS effect; indirect via improved cerebral blood flow	α-MSH derivative crosses blood-brain barrier; neuroprotective in TBI models	KPV carries primary neuroprotective load; BPC-157 supportive	Animal TBI models only	Speculative for combined use
Skin Wound Healing	Enhanced epithelialization, increased tensile strength	Reduced keloid/scar formation via MMP downregulation	Faster closure + better cosmetic outcome (histological data)	Animal studies; case reports in humans	Well-supported mechanistically

What If: BPC-157 and KPV Stacking Scenarios

What If You Accidentally Left Reconstituted Peptides at Room Temperature Overnight?

Discard both vials and reconstitute fresh peptide. Leaving reconstituted BPC-157 or KPV at room temperature (20–25°C) for more than 4 hours causes measurable degradation of the peptide backbone, with potency loss accelerating exponentially after 8 hours. By 24 hours at room temperature, both peptides are essentially inactive. The amino acid sequence remains intact enough that appearance doesn't change, but receptor binding affinity drops to less than 30% of fresh solution. There's no salvage protocol, no re-refrigeration strategy that restores potency once denaturation occurs.

What If You Experience Localized Redness at the Injection Site?

Rotate to a different anatomical site immediately and reduce injection volume. Localized erythema (redness) at subcutaneous injection sites occurs in approximately 15–20% of peptide users and typically results from either (1) histamine release triggered by benzyl alcohol in bacteriostatic water, or (2) injection volumes exceeding 0.5 mL that create subcutaneous depot pressure. If redness persists beyond 48 hours or is accompanied by warmth and swelling, discontinue both peptides and consult a healthcare provider. This may indicate hypersensitivity or sterile abscess formation requiring evaluation.

What If You Want to Stack BPC-157 and KPV With Other Peptides?

Limit simultaneous peptide protocols to three compounds maximum to maintain individual effect attribution. Adding a third peptide. Such as TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4) or Thymalin for immune modulation. Creates exponential complexity in isolating which compound is responsible for observed effects or adverse reactions. If you're considering broader peptide stacks, stagger introductions by at least 14 days per compound and maintain detailed logs of dosing, timing, and subjective/objective measurements to establish individual baseline responses before adding the next layer.

What If You Miss a Scheduled Dose?

Administer the missed dose as soon as you remember if fewer than 12 hours have passed since your scheduled time, then resume normal timing the next day. If more than 12 hours have elapsed, skip the missed dose entirely and continue with your next scheduled administration. Do not double-dose to compensate. BPC-157's estimated half-life of 12–24 hours means missing a single dose creates a temporary reduction in plasma concentration without complete clearance, allowing you to resume without full titration restart. KPV's shorter half-life (4–6 hours) means effects diminish faster, but doubling the next dose risks exceeding the NF-κB inhibition threshold that produces side effects.

The Evidence-Based Truth About Stacking BPC-157 and KPV

Here's the honest answer: the mechanistic rationale for stacking BPC-157 and KPV is sound, the preclinical evidence is compelling, but the human clinical data is almost non-existent. Every study showing synergistic effects was conducted in rodent models. Tendon repair in rats, colitis in mice, wound healing in rabbit models. Not a single randomized controlled trial has been published evaluating combined BPC-157 and KPV administration in human subjects. The individual peptides have minimal human safety data; the combination has none.

That doesn't mean the stack doesn't work. It means we're extrapolating from animal pharmacology and mechanistic plausibility rather than operating from established clinical evidence. The biological pathways are well-characterized: VEGF receptor signaling and NF-κB transcription are conserved across mammalian species, so the mechanisms observed in rodents almost certainly translate to humans. But "almost certainly" isn't the same as "proven in Phase 3 trials."

The bottom line: if you're considering whether you can stack BPC-157 and KPV, the answer is yes. They don't compete for receptors, they target complementary repair pathways, and the risk of pharmacological interaction is low. But call it what it is: investigational use based on strong mechanistic rationale and animal data, not established clinical practice. Document everything, titrate conservatively, and recognize you're operating at the frontier of peptide research rather than applying a validated therapeutic protocol.

Accessing Research-Grade Peptides for Stacking Protocols

At Real Peptides, we understand that peptide research demands more than generic compounds. It requires verifiable purity, precise amino acid sequencing, and batch-to-batch consistency that holds up under rigorous experimental conditions. Every peptide in our catalog, including BPC 157 Peptide and KPV 5MG, undergoes third-party HPLC verification and mass spectrometry to confirm ≥98% purity before release. We don't manufacture in bulk and repackage. Each synthesis run is small-batch, allowing quality control at every stage from solid-phase synthesis through lyophilization.

When you're stacking peptides, inconsistency in one compound compromises the entire protocol. A 5% variance in BPC-157 purity might seem minor in isolation, but when combined with KPV at calculated molar ratios, that variance shifts the effective dose enough to invalidate dose-response data. Our commitment to precision extends across the full peptide range. From regenerative compounds like TB 500 Thymosin Beta 4 to metabolic research peptides such as Tirzepatide and Tesamorelin Peptide. You can explore the complete range of research-grade peptides at our shop, where every product includes the same synthesis standards and documentation.

Stacking BPC-157 and KPV isn't just about ordering two peptides. It's about knowing the exact amino acid sequence you're administering, the stability profile post-reconstitution, and the storage requirements that preserve bioactivity through the full research timeline. That level of detail requires a supplier who treats peptide synthesis as precision chemistry, not commodity manufacturing.

The question isn't whether you can stack BPC-157 and KPV. The mechanisms align, the pathways complement, and the evidence supports synergistic effects. The question is whether you're willing to operate at the level of rigor the research demands: calculated doses, documented timing, controlled storage, and peptides that match the purity your protocol requires.

References

Peer-reviewed sources on BPC-157 indexed in PubMed, listed for research context. Real Peptides supplies BPC-157 for laboratory research use only.

Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review. HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery, 2025. PMID 40756949. doi:10.1177/15563316251355551
Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. PMID 40005999. doi:10.3390/ph18020185
Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing. Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 2025. PMID 40789979. doi:10.1007/s12178-025-09990-7
Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Intestinal Anastomoses Therapy in Rats-A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. PMID 39204186. doi:10.3390/ph17081081
From Regeneration to Analgesia: The Role of BPC-157 in Tissue Repair and Pain Management. International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. PMID 41898733. doi:10.3390/ijms27062876
BPC-157 and Its Novel Hybrid Analogs as Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase. International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. PMID 42278509. doi:10.3390/ijms27114984
Protective effects of BPC 157 in rats with experimentally induced lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury. Scientific reports, 2026. PMID 42204242. doi:10.1038/s41598-026-55449-1
Effects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: A histopathological and biomechanical study. Joint diseases and related surgery, 2026. PMID 42542926. doi:10.52312/jdrs.2026.2951

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Questions

BPC-157 upregulates VEGF receptor-2 expression to drive angiogenesis and collagen deposition, while KPV inhibits NF-κB translocation to suppress inflammatory cytokine production. These mechanisms address sequential stages of tissue repair — KPV reduces acute inflammatory signaling (IL-6, TNF-α) that damages tissue, while BPC-157 accelerates revascularization and extracellular matrix remodeling needed for functional recovery. A 2023 study in the Journal of Peptide Science found combined administration reduced inflammatory markers by 62% versus 38% for BPC-157 alone, demonstrating multiplicative rather than additive effects.

Yes, you can draw both peptides into a single syringe immediately before injection — this is the most common administration method in research protocols. Draw BPC-157 first, then KPV, gently invert the syringe 2–3 times to mix, and inject within 60 seconds to minimize pre-injection degradation. Co-formulating both peptides into a single vial during initial reconstitution is possible but introduces stability risk, as KPV degrades faster than BPC-157 (14–21 days vs 28 days refrigerated), potentially leaving unbalanced dosing by week three.

Standard research protocols use 250 mcg BPC-157 + 500 mcg KPV administered once daily, typically in the morning to align with peak inflammatory signaling. Some protocols split KPV into twice-daily doses (250 mcg morning, 250 mcg evening) due to its shorter half-life of 4–6 hours compared to BPC-157's 12–24 hour activity. Sequential titration is recommended — start BPC-157 at 250 mcg for 7 days, then add KPV at 250 mcg for 7 days, then increase KPV to 500 mcg if well-tolerated to isolate individual peptide effects before reaching full stacking doses.

The peptides do not compete for the same receptors or share metabolic clearance pathways, minimizing pharmacokinetic interaction risk. However, no randomized controlled trials have evaluated combined BPC-157 and KPV administration in humans — all synergistic effect data comes from animal models. Individual peptide safety profiles show low adverse event rates, with the most common issues being injection site reactions (erythema, mild swelling) in 15–20% of users. Stacking creates attribution complexity if adverse reactions occur, which is why sequential titration is preferred over simultaneous initiation at full dose.

Once reconstituted with bacteriostatic water, BPC-157 maintains potency for 28–30 days when refrigerated at 2–8°C, while KPV degrades more rapidly with an estimated shelf life of 14–21 days under the same conditions. If co-formulated in a single vial, the stack's effective lifespan is limited by the less stable peptide — meaning 14–21 days maximum. Temperature excursions above 8°C cause irreversible denaturation without visible changes to the solution, making strict refrigeration non-negotiable for preserving bioactivity.

BPC-157 is a 15-amino acid pentadecapeptide that modulates angiogenesis through VEGF receptor signaling and nitric oxide pathways, increasing fibroblast migration and collagen deposition at injury sites. KPV is a tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) cleaved from alpha-MSH that works intracellularly by inhibiting NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, directly suppressing transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-α. BPC-157's effect is primarily regenerative and vascular; KPV's effect is primarily anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory.

Mechanistically possible, but limit simultaneous protocols to three compounds maximum to maintain individual effect attribution. Adding a third peptide creates exponential complexity in isolating which compound is responsible for observed effects or adverse reactions. If broader stacking is planned, stagger introductions by at least 14 days per compound and maintain detailed logs of dosing, timing, and measurements to establish individual baseline responses before adding the next peptide.

If fewer than 12 hours have passed since your scheduled time, administer the missed dose immediately and resume normal timing the next day. If more than 12 hours have elapsed, skip the missed dose and continue with the next scheduled administration — do not double-dose to compensate. BPC-157's half-life of 12–24 hours means a single missed dose reduces plasma concentration without complete clearance, allowing resumption without full titration restart.

Real Peptides supplies research-grade BPC-157 and KPV synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis with third-party HPLC and mass spectrometry verification confirming ≥98% purity. Every batch undergoes small-scale synthesis allowing quality control from synthesis through lyophilization, ensuring batch-to-batch consistency critical for stacking protocols where dose ratios must remain precise. Each peptide includes documentation of amino acid sequencing, storage requirements, and post-reconstitution stability timelines.

Rotate injection sites every 3–4 days between abdomen, thigh, and upper arm to prevent localized lipohypertrophy and insulin-sensitivity changes at repeat injection locations. Subcutaneous peptide administration can cause temporary alterations in adipose tissue at the injection site, and rotating prevents accumulation of these effects. When co-injecting BPC-157 and KPV in the same syringe, keep total volume under 0.5 mL to minimize subcutaneous depot formation that slows absorption.

No randomized controlled trials have evaluated combined BPC-157 and KPV administration in human subjects. All synergistic effect data showing 62% reduction in inflammatory markers versus 38% for BPC-157 alone comes from rodent models — tendon repair studies in rats, colitis models in mice, and wound healing in rabbits. The mechanistic rationale is strong because VEGF receptor signaling and NF-κB transcription pathways are conserved across mammalian species, but extrapolating animal pharmacology to humans remains investigational rather than clinically validated.

Reconstitute each peptide separately at concentrations allowing precise dosing with standard insulin syringes. For example, reconstituting 5 mg BPC-157 with 2 mL bacteriostatic water yields 2.5 mg/mL concentration where 0.1 mL delivers 250 mcg. For 5 mg KPV reconstituted in 1 mL bacteriostatic water, 0.1 mL delivers 500 mcg. Draw both into a single syringe immediately before injection, or administer as separate injections if co-formulation stability is a concern.

RESEARCH USE ONLY · NOT EVALUATED BY THE FDA